By Team Teddy's Choice

Updated on June 30, 2023 Published February 17, 2022

6 min

18.231 views

Whelping Guide: What to Do and What to Avoid

The moment has arrived. Your beloved momma dog is ready to bring her puppies into the world. But how can you best support a dog during whelping? This guide covers all the essential dos and don’ts, a useful supply checklist, and simple tips to help create a calm and stress-free birthing experience. You can do this.

Before we begin, what does the word “whelping” actually mean? It is not the same as the casual “welp” you might hear online. Whelping is the official term for the process of a dog giving birth, just like wolves, foxes and other canine mammals.

Whelping is a natural event, and it is completely normal for dog owners to feel both excited and nervous. It is a special moment for you, your family and your dog. This guide will help you understand how to care for your pregnant dog throughout the whelping process and welcome her new puppies safely.

The answer to this lies in what we like to call the ‘golden rules of crate training.’ Run through this checklist and answer

Don’t Get Caught Off Guard

You know those movie scenes where the mother’s water breaks at the worst possible moment and everyone panics? You definitely want to avoid the dog-version of that situation.

Instead, gather your supplies ahead of time:

  • Whelping Box - You can buy a ready-made whelping box or create your own from a large cardboard box. Some owners wonder if a dog crate can be used as a whelping box. The answer is yes, especially if your dog is already crate-trained and finds comfort in it. Make sure the box or crate is warm, quiet and spacious enough for movement and plenty of puppies.
  • Bedding and Lining - Line the box with clean, absorbent bedding. This is where a Teddy’s Choice Reusable Pad   becomes especially useful. Its soft and fluffy surface creates a cozy den, while its high absorbency helps manage any mess. Plus, you can wash and dry it as often as needed, keeping the whelping area clean for mom and pups.
  • Heat Lamps and Cooling Fans - Newborn puppies cannot regulate their temperature well. In very cold or hot conditions, having a portable heater or fan on hand can make all the difference.
  • Lamps or Lights - Helping your dog at three in the morning is difficult enough. Keep a lamp or flashlight near the whelping box so you can see clearly.
  • Antibacterial Hand Wipes - Useful for keeping yourself and the whelping area clean.
  • Vet Contact Information - Keep your veterinary clinic’s phone number easily accessible, including their emergency or out-of-hours number. You never know when you might need advice.

Do Know the Signs

A dog’s pregnancy usually lasts around 63 days, but this can vary. Instead of focusing only on the due date, watch for signs that labor is approaching.

Common signs include:

  • Restlessness or pacing
  • Hiding or nesting behaviors such as digging
  • Loss of appetite or occasional vomiting (contact your vet if you are unsure)
  • Passing a small amount of red or brown mucus

This early stage can last between 12 and 36 hours.

Some owners also monitor temperature. If your dog’s temperature drops to around 98 to 99 degrees Fahrenheit, puppies usually arrive within the next 24 hours.

Once strong contractions begin, the birth is underway!

After each puppy, your dog should help release them from their little birth sacs so they can breathe, and she will pass an afterbirth or some fluids, which she may well eat. Don’t worry about this - it’s providing momma with lots of nutrients for her pups.

Do Keep Watch…

Whelping is a natural process and usually does not require intervention. It is best to simply observe unless something appears wrong.

The first puppy typically takes the longest to arrive and may take anywhere from 20 minutes to 4 hours. After that, each puppy usually arrives every 30 to 90 minutes.

After each birth, your dog should remove the sac from the puppy so it can breathe, and she will naturally pass an afterbirth. Many dogs eat these placentas for nutrients, which is normal, though she should not eat more than three.

Watch for:

  • Excessive straining for more than 30 minutes with no progress
  • Missing placentas, which can cause infection
  • A distressed or unusually exhausted mother between births
  • Excessive bleeding
  • Thick green discharge without a puppy
  • A puppy appearing stuck (never attempt to pull it out – contact your vet)

If you notice any of these issues, call your vet immediately.

Otherwise, simply reassure your dog. Gentle praise and calm presence help her feel safe.

Do Offer a Helping Hand…

Some owners choose to help with clearing a newborn puppy’s airways. Wearing disposable gloves, you can gently dry each puppy with a soft disposable cloth, ensure it is breathing, and then let the mother take over.

Don’t Worry Too Much…

Many dogs end up giving birth quietly through the night without help. Whelping is instinctive, and most mother dogs manage the process very well on their own. Still, checking in occasionally and being prepared with the right supplies will give you peace of mind.

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